Internal combustion engine



NOV. 5, 1935. H D, CHURCH ZDIQJSS? INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 25, 1953 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 11: q INVENTOR HAszoLv D. CHuzcH.

BY V

NOV. 5, 1935. H D CHURCH 2,019,657

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 25' 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Hmzow 1). (human.

ATTORN Y INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 25, 1933 3 SheetsSheet 3 INVENTOR HAzoLv D CHURCH.

ATTORN Y Patented Nov. 5, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIEE Harold D. Church, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to The White Motor Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application March 25, 1933, Serial No. 662,684

6 Claims.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and has for its object the provision of an improved engine construction.

The invention will be fully understood from the description of the embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Figure 1 is a fragmentary cross section of a motor bus equipped with an engine embodying the present invention, the engine being illustrated in the form of a composite sectional view with the several sections taken on lines corresponding with the segments of the line l--I of Figure 2.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the engine illustrated in Figure 1 with the crank case cover removed.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the crank case of the engine illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, and

Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are isometric views of the various type of bearing blocks employed in conjunction with the crank case, and of the bolts for holding the bearing blocks in place, the bearing blocks being cut away in certain portions to show their internal construction, and the bolts being broken off below the blocks in order to conserve space.

Referring to the drawings, the letter A indicates the body of a motor bus of the street car type, and the letter B an engine for propelling the bus. The engine B is mounted midway between the front and rear sets of wheels, and drives the rear wheels C through a driving mechanism similar in general construction to that employed in a conventional automobile.

Generally described, the engine B comprises a.

crank case ID, a crank case cover I I, a pair of horizontally disposed cylinder blocks I2, cylinder heads I3, cylinder head covers I4, a crank shaft I5, a pair of cam shafts I6, and inlet and exhaust valves I1 and I8. The crank case III is constructed of cast-aluminum with the object of reducing the weight of the engine. The cylinder blocks I2 are constructed of cast-iron in accordance with conventional practice. Included within the engine assembly is a conventional type clutch mounted within a casing I9 attached to the engine flywheel 20, and mounted upon a casing 2| attached to the rear of the crank case ID are two electrical motors 22 for starting the engine.

The crank case I0 is constructed with an open top and is formed with end walls 23 and intermediate webs 24, the end walls and webs being formed with downwardly extending notches 25 terminating in semi-circular recesses which receive the lower portions 26 of the bearings for the crank shaft. The notches 25 in the end walls and Webs are constructed to receive bearing blocks 21 formed with semi-circular recesses for 5 the reception of the upper portions 28 of the bearings for the crank shaft, the side walls of the notches and the sides of the blocks being formed with machined surfaces designed to fit closely together. The front bearing block 21a 10 is illustrated in Figure 4, the central bearing block 27b in Figure 6 and the rear bearing block 210 in Figure 7. The intermediate bearing blocks 21d are constructed as illustrated in Figure 5.

The bearing blocks 21 are held against upward 15 movement by means of steel bolts 29 mounted in registering bores formed in the bearing blocks and the associated Webs and end walls of the crank case, the bolts extending through the bottom of the crankcase where they receive nuts 20- 30. The front bearing block 21a is secured against upward movement by a pair of large bolts 29a. and a pair of small bolts 2%, the central bearing block 212) by means of four large bolts 29c, and the rear bearing block 210 by 25 means of four large bolts 29d. The intermediate bearing blocks 21d are each secured in place by two large bolts 29c.

Mounted in the bores formed in the end walls and webs of the crank case there is a plurality 30 of transverse tie-bolts 3i held in place by nuts 32 secured onto their outer threaded ends. These tie-bolts reinforce the upper portion of the crank case against transverse strains, and serve as means for drawing the vertical walls of the 35 notches 25 into tight engagement with the bearing blocks El. The arrangement of the tie-bolts 31' is such that the forward wall, the central web, and the intermediate webs are each transversed by a singlebolt, and the rear wall by a pair of bolts. The tie-bolt mounted in the forward wall passes through registering bores 33 and 34 formed respectively in the bearing block 2m and the heads of the bolts 29a, the tie-bolt in the central web through a bore 35 formed in the block 2712 45 intermediate the bolts 29c, the tie-bolts in the rear wall through bores 36 and 31 formed respectively in the bearing block Zlc and the head of the bolts 29d, and the tie-bolts in the intermediate webs through bores 38 and 39 formed re- 50 spectively in the bearing blocks 27d and the heads of the bolts 29c. With the exception of the rearmost tie-bolt, the tie-bolts 3i all extend through apertures formed in the upper flanges of the oppositely disposed cylinder blocks I2, and are em- 55 ployed to secure the blocks in assembled relation to the crank case [0. The rear tie-bolts extend through apertures formed in the flanges of a pair of oppositely disposed engine supporting arms 48, and serve as means for securing such parts in place.

The cylinder blocks l2 in addition to being held in place by the tie-bolts 3| are secured to the sides of the crank case by small studs 4| screwed into threaded apertures formed in the side walls of the crank case, the studs extending through apertures formed in the inner walls of the cylinder blocks Where they receive nuts 42. The crank case cover II is secured in place by means of studs 43 screwed into apertures formed in the upper portion of the crank case and equipped with nuts 44 turned onto their upper ends.

The cylinder blocks l2 are provided with separate fuel induction systems of the down draft type. The system for each cylinder block comprises canals 45 formed in the block, a manifold 46 mounted on the upper side of the block, a carburetor 41 mounted on the upper surface of the manifold, and a breather pipe 48 extending laterally from the carburetor. The carburetors 41 extend above the floor of the bus, and are located in rectangular housings 49 disposed beneath two seats 50 located at opposite sides of the bus. The housings 49 also enclose the breathing pipes 48 which extend to the sides of the bus contiguous screened openings 5|.

The cylinder blocks i2 are also provided with separate exhaust systems, the system for each block comprising conduits 52 leading from the combustion chambers to the lower portion of the block, an exhaust manifold 53 formed by casting a canal in the block and enclosing the cavity by a cover plate 54, and an exhaust conduit 55, leading toward the rear of the bus.

The lubricating system for the engine is of the dry sump type, and includes a receiving reservoir 56 formed in the lower part of the crank case and a supply reservoir 51 formed in the cover II. The system is so constructed that oil is pumped from the supply reservoir 51 to the bearings of the engine, the oil passing through the bearings being received in the reservoir 56 in the crank case, and from there delivered back into the supply reservoir 5'! by means of scavenging pumps. Included in the lubricating system is an oil cleaning and cooling system which includes oil filters 58 mounted on a block 59 attached to the forward end of the engine, and cooling tubes 60 extending into a cooling water compartment 6| formed in the crank case cover ll.

Although the present embodiment of the invention has been described in detail, in order that the invention may be completely set forth, it is to be understood that the description is not to be construed as being restrictive or confining, and that broad changes in construction and materials can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of a crank case having a closed side, an opposed open side, side walls and end walls joining with said closed side to form a four-sided structure, and a plurality of webs formed intermediate said end walls and connecting said side walls, said end walls and said webs being formed adjacent the open side of said crank case with notches opening in the direction of the aforesaid open side of said crank case a crank shaft supported in the aforesaid notches, bearing blocks mounted within the aforesaid notches and acting to hold said crank shaft in place, said hearing blocks being formed to accurately fit within said notches, bolts extending through said bearing blocks, the corresponding webs and end walls of said crank case, and the closed side of said crank case, securing said bearing blocks against movement in a direction away from the closed side of said crank case, bolts extending through the aforesaid side walls of said crank case, serving to clamp said bearing blocks between the side walls of the aforesaid notches and to reinforce said crankcase against transverse stresses, a pair of oppositely disposed cylinder blocks secured to the aforesaid side walls of said crank case, pistons mounted in the cylinders of said cylinder blocks, and connecting rods connecting said pistons with said crank shaft.

2. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of a crank case having a closed side, an opposed open side, side walls and end walls joining with said closed side to form a f0u]:-Sld6d structure, and a plurality of webs formed intermediate said end Walls and connecting said side walls, said end walls and said webs being formed adjacent the open side of said crank case with notches opening in the direction of the aforesaid open side of said crank case, a crank shaft supported in the aforesaid notches, bearing blocks mounted within the aforesaid notches and acting to hold said crank shaft in place, said bearing blocks being formed to accurately fit within said notches, bolts extending through said bearing blocks, the corresponding webs and end walls of said crank case, and the closed side of said crank case, securing said bearing blocks against movement in a direction away from the closed side of said crank case, bolts extending through the aforesaid side walls of said crank case, serving to clamp said bearing blocks between the side Walls of the aforesaid notches and to reinforce said crank case against transverse stresses, certain of the last named bolts extending through apertures formed in certain of the first named bolts, a pair of oppositely disposed cylinder blocks secured to the aforesaid side walls of said crank case, pistons mounted in the cylinders of said cylinder blocks, and connecting rods connecting said pistons with said crank shaft.

3. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of a crank case having an open horizontal side, a closed horizontal side, vertically extending side walls and end walls, and a plurality of webs formed intermediate said end walls and connecting said vertically extending side Walls, said end Walls and said webs being formed adjacent the 7 open side of said crank case with notches opening in the direction of the aforesaid open side of said crank case, a crank shaft supported in the aforesaid notches, bearing blocks mounted within the aforesaid notches and acting to hold said crank shaft in place, said bearing blocks being formed to accurately fit within said notches, bolts extending through said bearing blocks, the, corresponding webs and end walls of said crank case, and the closed side of said crank case, securing said bearing blocks against movement in a direction away from the closed horizontal side of said crank case, oppositely disposed cylinder blocks mounted upon the vertically extending side walls of said crank case, bolts extending through flanges formed on said cylinder blocks and the vertically extending walls of said crank case and serving to secure said cylinder blocks upon said crank case, to clamp said bearing blocks between the side walls of the aforesaid notches, and to reinforce said crank case against transverse stresses, pistons mounted in said cylinder blocks, and connecting rods connecting said pistons with said crank shaft.

4. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of a crank case having an open horizontal side, a closed horizontal side, vertically extending side walls and end walls, and a. plurality of webs formed intermediate said end walls and connecting said vertically extending side walls, said end walls and said webs being formed adjacent the open side of said crank case with notches opening in the direction of the aforesaid open side of said crank case, a crank shaft supported in the aforesaid notches, bearing blocks mounted within the aforesaid notches and acting to hold said crank shaft in place, said bearing blocks being formed to accurately fit within said notches, bolts extending through said bearing blocks, the corresponding webs and end walls of, said crank case, and the closed side of said crank case, securing said bearing blocks against movement in a direction away from the closed horizontal side of said crank case, oppositely disposed cylinder blocks mounted upon the vertically extending side walls of said crank case, bolts mounted in the aforesaid end walls and webs of said crank case and extending through the aforesaid vertical walls of said crank case, and flanges formed on said cylinder blocks, serving to secure said cylinder blocks upon said crank case, to clamp said bearing blocks between the side walls of the aforesaid notches, and to reinforce said crank case against transverse stresses, pistons mounted in said cylinder blocks, and connecting rods connecting said pistons with said crank shaft.

5. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of a crank case having an open horizontal side, a. closed horizontal side, vertically extending side Walls and end walls, and a plurality of transverse webs disposed intermediate said end walls, said end walls and said webs being formed adjacent the open side of said crank case with notches opening in the direction of. the aforesaid open side of said crank case, a crank shaft supported in the aforesaid notches, bearing blocks mounted within the aforesaid notches and acting to hold said crank shaft in place, said bearing blocks being formed to accurately fit within said notches, bolts extending through said bearing blocks, the corresponding webs and end walls of said crank case, and the closed side of said crank case, securing said bearing blocks against movement in a direction away from the closed side of said crank case, bolts mounted in the aforesaid end walls and webs of said crank case and extending through said bearing blocks and the aforesaid vertical walls of said crank case, serving to clamp said bearing blocks between the side walls of the aforesaid notches and to reinforce said crank case part against transverse stresses, certain of the last named bolts extending through apertures formed in certain of the first named bolts, a pair of oppositely disposed cylinder blocks secured to the vertically extending side walls of said crank case, pistons mounted in the cylinders of said cylinder blocks, and connecting rods connecting said pistons with said crank shaft.

6. The combination in an internal combustion engine, of a crank case having an open horizontal side, a closed horizontal side, vertically extending side walls and end walls, and a plurality of webs formed intermediate said end walls and connecting said vertically extending side walls, said end walls and said webs being formed adjacent the open side of said crank case with notches opening in the direction of the aforesaid open side of said crank case, a crank shaft supported in the aforesaid notches, bearing blocks mounted Within the aforesaid notches and acting to hold said crank shaft in place, said bearing blocks being formed to accurately fit within said notches, bolts extending through said bearing blocks, the corresponding webs and end walls of said crank case, and the closed side of said crank case, securing said bearing blocks against movement in a direction away from the closed horizontal side of said crank case, oppositely disposed cylinder blocks mounted upon the vertically extending side walls of said crank case, bolts mounted in the aforesaid end walls and webs of said crank case, and extending through said bearing blocks, the aforesaid vertical walls of said crank case, and fianges formed on said cylinder blocks, serving to secure said cylinder blocks upon said crank case, to clamp said bearing blocks between the side walls of the aforesaid notches, and to reinforce said crank case against transverse stresses, pistons mounted in said cylinder blocks and connecting rods connecting said pistons with said crank shaft.

HAROLD D. CHURCH. 

